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@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ order: 18
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In order to use a C/C++ library in python, you need to write bindings for it.
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In order to use a C/C++ library in python, you need to write bindings for it.
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-## Manual bindings
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-
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pkpy uses an universal signature to wrap a function pointer as a python function or method that can be called in python code, i.e `NativeFuncC`.
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pkpy uses an universal signature to wrap a function pointer as a python function or method that can be called in python code, i.e `NativeFuncC`.
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```cpp
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```cpp
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@@ -17,7 +15,7 @@ typedef PyObject* (*NativeFuncC)(VM*, ArgsView);
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+ The second argument is an array-like object indicates the arguments list. You can use `[]` operator to get the element and call `size()` to get the length of the array.
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+ The second argument is an array-like object indicates the arguments list. You can use `[]` operator to get the element and call `size()` to get the length of the array.
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+ The return value is a `PyObject*`, which should not be `nullptr`. If there is no return value, return `vm->None`.
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+ The return value is a `PyObject*`, which should not be `nullptr`. If there is no return value, return `vm->None`.
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-### Bind a function or method
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+## Bind a function or method
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Use `vm->bind` to bind a function or method.
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Use `vm->bind` to bind a function or method.
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@@ -42,7 +40,7 @@ vm->bind(obj,
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});
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});
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```
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```
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-#### How to capture something
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+### How to capture something
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By default, the lambda being bound is a C function pointer,
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By default, the lambda being bound is a C function pointer,
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you cannot capture anything! The following example does not compile.
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you cannot capture anything! The following example does not compile.
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@@ -101,7 +99,7 @@ The 3rd way is to change the macro `PK_ENABLE_STD_FUNCTION` in `config.h`:
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Then you can use standard capture list in lambda.
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Then you can use standard capture list in lambda.
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-### Bind a struct
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+## Bind a class or struct
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Assume you have a struct `Point` declared as follows.
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Assume you have a struct `Point` declared as follows.
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@@ -112,48 +110,27 @@ struct Point{
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}
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}
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```
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```
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-You can write a wrapper class `wrapped__Point`. Add implement a static function `_register`.
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-Inside the `_register` function, do bind methods and properties.
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-
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-### Example
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+You can create a `test` module and use `vm->register_user_class<>` to bind the class to the test module.
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```cpp
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```cpp
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-struct wrapped__Point{
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- // wrapped value
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- Point value;
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-
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- // define default constructors
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- wrapped__Point() = default;
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- wrapped__Point(const wrapped__Point&) = default;
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-
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- // define wrapped constructor
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- wrapped__Point(Point value){
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- this->value = value;
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- }
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-
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- static void _register(VM* vm, PyObject* mod, PyObject* type){
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- // wrap field x
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- PY_FIELD(wrapped__Point, "x", value.x)
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- // wrap field y
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- PY_FIELD(wrapped__Point, "y", value.y)
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-
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- // __init__ method
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- vm->bind(type, "__init__(self, x, y)", [](VM* vm, ArgsView args){
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- wrapped__Point& self = _py_cast<wrapped__Point&>(vm, args[0]);
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- self.value.x = py_cast<int>(vm, args[1]);
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- self.value.y = py_cast<int>(vm, args[2]);
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- return vm->None;
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- });
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-
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- // other custom methods
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- // ...
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- }
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-}
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-
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int main(){
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int main(){
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VM* vm = new VM();
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VM* vm = new VM();
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- // register the wrapper class in builtins
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- vm->register_user_class<wrapped__Point>(vm->builtins, "Point");
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+ PyObject* mod = vm->new_module("test");
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+ vm->register_user_class<Point>(mod, "Point",
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+ [](VM* vm, PyObject* mod, PyObject* type){
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+ // wrap field x
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+ vm->bind_field(type, "x", &Point::x);
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+ // wrap field y
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+ vm->bind_field(type, "y", &Point::y);
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+
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+ // __init__ method
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+ vm->bind(type, "__init__(self, x, y)", [](VM* vm, ArgsView args){
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+ Point& self = _py_cast<Point&>(vm, args[0]);
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+ self.x = py_cast<int>(vm, args[1]);
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+ self.y = py_cast<int>(vm, args[2]);
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+ return vm->None;
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+ });
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+ });
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// use the Point class
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// use the Point class
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vm->exec("a = Point(1, 2)");
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vm->exec("a = Point(1, 2)");
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@@ -165,7 +142,7 @@ int main(){
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}
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}
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```
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```
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-#### Handle gc for container types
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+### Handle gc for container types
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If your custom type stores `PyObject*` in its fields, you need to handle gc for them.
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If your custom type stores `PyObject*` in its fields, you need to handle gc for them.
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@@ -203,11 +180,7 @@ void (*_gc_marker_ex)(VM*) = nullptr;
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```
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```
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It will be invoked before a GC starts. So you can mark objects inside the callback to keep them alive.
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It will be invoked before a GC starts. So you can mark objects inside the callback to keep them alive.
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-### Others
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-
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-You may see somewhere in the code that `vm->bind_method<>` or `vm->bind_func<>` is used.
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-They are old style binding functions and are deprecated.
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-It is recommended to use `vm->bind`.
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+## Others
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For some magic methods, we provide specialized binding function.
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For some magic methods, we provide specialized binding function.
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They do not take universal function pointer as argument.
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They do not take universal function pointer as argument.
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