gugdun
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mirror of https://github.com/pocketpy/pocketpy


			
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<h1 id="compute-threads">Compute Threads</h1>
<p>pocketpy organizes its state by <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> structure.
Users can have at maximum 16 <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> instances (index from 0 to 15).
Each <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> instance can only be accessed by exactly one thread at a time.
If you are trying to run two python scripts in parallel refering the same <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> instance,
you will crash it definitely.</p>
<p>However, there are two ways to achieve multi-threading in pocketpy.</p>
<p>One way is to use a native threading library such as <code translate="no" v-pre>pthread</code>.
You can wrap the multi-threading logic into a C function and bind it to pocketpy.
Be careful and not to access the same <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> instance from multiple threads at the same time.
You need to lock critical resources or perform a deep copy of all needed data.</p>
<h2 id="computethread">ComputeThread</h2>
<p>The other way is to use <code translate="no" v-pre>pkpy.ComputeThread</code>.
It is like an isolate in Dart language.
<code translate="no" v-pre>ComputeThread</code> is a true multi-threading model to allow you run python scripts in parallel without lock,
backed by a separate <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> instance.</p>
<p><code translate="no" v-pre>ComputeThread</code> is highly designed for computational intensive tasks in games.
For example, you can run game logic in main thread (VM 0) and run world generation in another thread (e.g. VM 1).</p>
<div class="overflow-hidden mb-6 py-4 dark:px-5 dark:bg-white rounded-md"><pre translate="no" class="mermaid w-full">graph TD
    subgraph Main Thread
        A[Game Start]
        B[Submit WorldGen Job]
        C[Frame 1]
        D[Frame 2]
        E[Frame 3]
        F[...]
        G[Get WorldGen Result]
        H[Render World]
    end
    subgraph WorldGen Thread
        O[Generate Biomes]
        P[Generate Terrain]
        Q[Generate Creatures]
        R[Dump Result]
    end
    A --&gt; B
    B --&gt; C
    C --&gt; D
    D --&gt; E
    E --&gt; F
    F --&gt; G
    G --&gt; H

    O --&gt; P
    P --&gt; Q
    Q --&gt; R

    B --&gt; O
    R --&gt; G</pre></div>
<h4 id="mainpy"><code translate="no" v-pre>main.py</code></h4>
<div id="mainpy-code-1" class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">import time
from pkpy import ComputeThread

thread = ComputeThread(1)
print(&quot;Game Start&quot;)

# import worldgen.py
thread.exec('from worldgen import gen_world')

print(&quot;Submit WorldGen Job&quot;)
thread.submit_call('gen_world', 3, (100, 100), 10)

# wait for worldgen to finish
for i in range(1, 100000):
    print('Frame:', i)
    time.sleep(1)
    if thread.is_done:
        break

error = thread.last_error()
if error is not None:
    print(&quot;Error:&quot;, error)
else:
    retval = thread.last_retval()
    biomes = retval['biomes']
    terrain = retval['terrain']
    creatures = retval['creatures']
    print(&quot;World Generation Complete&quot;, len(biomes), len(terrain), len(creatures))</code></pre>
</doc-codeblock></div>
<h4 id="worldgenpy"><code translate="no" v-pre>worldgen.py</code></h4>
<div id="worldgenpy-code-1" class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">import time
import random

def gen_world(biome_count: int, terrain_size: tuple[int, int], creature_count: int) -&gt; dict:
    # simulate a long computation
    time.sleep(3)

    # generate world data
    all_biomes = [&quot;forest&quot;, &quot;desert&quot;, &quot;ocean&quot;, &quot;mountain&quot;, &quot;swamp&quot;]
    all_creatures = [&quot;wolf&quot;, &quot;bear&quot;, &quot;fish&quot;, &quot;bird&quot;, &quot;lizard&quot;]

    width, height = terrain_size

    terrain_data = [
        random.randint(1, 10)
        for _ in range(width * height)
    ]

    creatures = [
        {
            &quot;name&quot;: random.choice(all_creatures),
            &quot;x&quot;: random.randint(0, width - 1),
            &quot;y&quot;: random.randint(0, height - 1),
        }
        for i in range(creature_count)
    ]

    return {
        &quot;biomes&quot;: all_biomes[:biome_count],
        &quot;terrain&quot;: terrain_data,
        &quot;creatures&quot;: creatures,
    }</code></pre>
</doc-codeblock></div>
<p>Run <code translate="no" v-pre>main.py</code> and you will see the result like this:</p>
<div id="worldgenpy-code-2" class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
<pre translate="no" class="language-none"><code v-pre class="language-none">Game Start
Submit WorldGen Job
Frame: 1
Frame: 2
Frame: 3
Frame: 4
World Generation Complete 3 10000 10</code></pre>
</doc-codeblock></div>
<p><code translate="no" v-pre>ComputeThread</code> uses <code translate="no" v-pre>pickle</code> module to serialize the data between threads.
Parameters and return values must be supported by <code translate="no" v-pre>pickle</code>.
See <a href="https://pocketpy.dev/modules/pickle/">pickle</a> for more details.</p>
<p>Since <code translate="no" v-pre>ComputeThread</code> is backed by a separate <code translate="no" v-pre>VM</code> instance,
it does not share any state with the main thread
except for the parameters you pass to it.
Therefore, common python modules will be imported twice in each thread.</p>
<p>If you want to identify which VM instance the module is running in,
you can call <code translate="no" v-pre>pkpy.currentvm</code> or let your <code translate="no" v-pre>ComputeThread</code> set some special flags
before importing these modules.</p>

                
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